monkey whistling

Getting your head around deductive rules of inference

Make your arguments unkillable


Monkeyboy

I really like formal logic. This is probably because it makes a lot of sense to me but everytime I try to teach it I am often met with confusion. I'm trying to figure out why that is the case so this is an attempt to correct this.

Modus Ponens


The most classic of them all. Latin for method of affirming. It looks like this:

1.PQPremise2.PPremise3.QModus Ponens from 1, 2\begin{array}{rll} 1. & P \supset Q & \text{Premise}\newline 2. & P & \text{Premise}\newline 3. & Q & \text{Modus Ponens from 1, 2} \end{array}

This is also Modus Ponens:

1.¬PQPremise2.¬PPremise3.QModus Ponens from 1, 2\begin{array}{rll} 1. & \neg P \supset Q & \text{Premise}\newline 2. & \neg P & \text{Premise}\newline 3. & Q & \text{Modus Ponens from 1, 2} \end{array}

And so is this:

1.¬P¬QPremise2.¬PPremise3.¬QModus Ponens from 1, 2\begin{array}{rll} 1. & \neg P \supset \neg Q & \text{Premise}\newline 2. & \neg P & \text{Premise}\newline 3. & \neg Q & \text{Modus Ponens from 1, 2} \end{array}

This is also Modus Ponens:

1.(P&Q)(R&S)Premise2.(P&Q)Premise3.(R&S)Modus Ponens from 1, 2\begin{array}{rll} 1. & (P \And Q) \supset (R \And S) & \text{Premise}\newline 2. & (P \And Q) & \text{Premise}\newline 3. & (R \And S) & \text{Modus Ponens from 1, 2} \end{array}

And suppose I really wanted to get freaky with it:

1.(PQ)(RS)Premise2.(PQ)Premise3.(RS)Modus Ponens from 1, 2\begin{array}{rll} 1. & (P \supset Q) \supset (R \vee S) & \text{Premise}\newline 2. & (P \supset Q) & \text{Premise}\newline 3. & (R \vee S) & \text{Modus Ponens from 1, 2} \end{array}